Glossary

ARP

Address Resolution Protocol - protocol used for mapping Internet layer addresses (IP addresses) to the physical - link layer addresses (MAC addresses).

DNS

Domain Name Server - name server service which maps IP addresses to hosts names which are easier to remember.

SSH

Secure Shell - networking protocol for secure communication with remote systems.

Syslog

Events logging standard in computer systems. Syslog server collects and stores log data from networked devices, which can be later used for analysis and reporting.

Fingerprint

Characters string being a result of a hash function on input data, allowing to determine if the input data has been altered.

RDP

Remote Desktop Protocol - remote access protocol to computer systems running Microsoft operating system.

VNC

Remote access protocol to graphical user interfaces.

RADIUS

Remote Authentication Dial In User Service - networking protocol used to control access to different services within IT infrastructure.

Static password

Basic user authorization method which uses login and password combination to determine users’s identity.

Public key

Authentication method which uses a pair of keys - private (held only by the user) and public (publicly available) to determine user’s identity.

CERB

Complete user authentication and authorization solution, supporting different authentication methods i.e., mobile token (mobile phone application), static password, SMS one-time passwords, etc.

LDAP

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol - distributed catalog services management and access protocol in IP networks.

Active Directory

Users authorization and authentication in Windows domain.

AD

Active Directory - users authorization and authentication in Windows domain.

CIDR

Short notation of network addressing, in which the IP address is written according to the IPv4 standard, and the subnet mask is provided as a number of 1 in the subnet mask in binary system (192.168.1.1 - 255.255.255.0; 192.168.1.1/24).

heartbeat

Network packet used for informing other cluster nodes about machine’s current state. If a cluster node does not receive a heartbeat packet in a given timeframe, it will take over the master node role and will start processing users’ requests.

anonymous safe

An anonymous safe has at least one anonymous account assigned to it and it can only have that type of accounts assigned. You cannot assign users to anonymous safes.

AAPM

AAPM (Application to Application Password Manager) module enables secure password exchange between applications.

Efficiency Analyzer

Efficiency Analyzer module delivers statistical information on users’ activity.

PSM (Privileged Session Management)

PSM module is used for recording remote access sessions.

server

servers

Server is a definition of the IT infrastructure resource, which can be accessed over one of the specified protocols.

listener

Listener determines server connection mode (proxy, gateway, transparent, bastion) as well as its specifics.

user

User defines a subject entitled to connect to servers within monitored IT infrastructure. Detailed object definition (i.e. unique login and domain combination, full name, email address etc.) enables precise accountability of user actions when login and password are substituted with a shared account login credentials.

account

accounts

Account defines the privileged account existing on the monitored server. It specifies the actual login credentials, user authentication mode: anonymous (without user authentication), regular (with login credentials substitution) or forward (with login and password forwarding); password changing policy as well as the password changer itself.

safe

Safe directly regulates user access to monitored servers. It specifies available protocols’ features, policies and other details concerning users and servers relations.

hot-swap

Hot-swap mechanism enables replacing hardware components without the necessity to turn the system off.

time policy

Time policy mechanism enables defining time periods during which users are allowed to connect to monitored hosts.

password changer

Tool which enables facilitating automated password changing on a server.

policy

Mechanism which enables defining patterns which in case of being detected will trigger defined actions.

shared session

User session which was joined by another user.

fudopv

AAPM module script, installed on the server, which enables secure password exchange between applications.

SSH access

Service access to Fudo PAM over SSH protocol.

VLAN

Virtual networks mechanism, enabling separation of broadcast domains.

DHCP

Mechanism for dynamic IP addressing management i LAN networks.

timestamp

Session data hash value, which enables verifying that the data has not been modified.

external authentication server

Server storing user data used for verification of user login credentials when connecting to Fudo PAM or the monitored server.

passwords repository

Passwords repository manages password to privileged accounts on monitored hosts.

data retention

Data retention mechanism automatically deletes session data after define time period transpires.

OATH

Open Authentication - open standard enabling implementation of strong, two-factor user and devices authentication.

redundancy group

Defined group of IP addresses, which in case of a system failure, will be seamlessly carried over to another cluster node to maintain the availability of the services.

RDP connections broker

Remote sessions management mechanism for server farms.

PSM

PSM (Privileged Session Monitoring) module enables monitoring and recording remote access sessions.

WWN

World Wide Name - unique object identifier in external storage solutions.

OCR

Optical Character Recognition - image processing for identifying and indexing text.